Apparatus for babbitt-lining bearing shells



June 6,-1933. R. A. WATSON APPARATUS FOR BABBITT LINING BEARING SHELLS S'Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 1, 1930 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 c K n 1 J5 INVENTOR M41 41 Mam ATTORNEY R. A, WATSON APPARATUS FOR BABBITT LINING BEARING SHELLS Filed Dec.

June 6, 1933.

7 June 6, 1933.

R. A. WATSON APPARATUS FOR BABBITT LINING BEARING SHELLS Filed Dec. 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented June 6, 1933 UNITED STATES RUSSELL PATENT OFFICE a. wmoaer smm, iarciiiean, Assrenon rro rnnnnA accent conroiii-Arron, or VDETROITQMIGHIGAN, A cenronarron or MICHIGAN a ArrAnA'rUs F03 BABnIr'r-LINING BEARING srrnLLs Application filed. December shellsin place while their concaved surfaces are beingfaccd with an applied coat ofinitially molten babbitt orpother bearing material, and has for its object an improvedorganization of parts adapted for facilitating this described operation, particularly in connection with either of the separable and comin plementaryhalves of the large'bearing of a connecting rod, whose construction, as is well-known, involves the union of the two parts into relative positions of complete circularity by means of bolts or similar holding elements passing through laterally extending flanges of each. i/Vith but slight dimensional modification of certain of the cooperating partsmy improvement is also equally adaptable to work upon truly semhciicular,

52 0 that is to say, non-flanged bearing shells. Be-

fore this babbitting is accomplished. however, or if the articles under this treatment are alreadydised connecting rods which have been turned in for .rebabbitting, the two halves of the bearing as assembled are sepa rated onefrom another, and it is the par ticular purpose of this mechanism to facilitate the firm and accurate holding of elther of these parts relatively to acompl-ementar- "3?)" ily curved surface which forms a permanent partof the mechanism here to be described, in the intentionally interven ng space between which fluidbabbitt is poured and al-' lowed toharden. Even though under ideal conditions some slight grinding and finishing of the applied babbitt coat onthe eon- ,caved surface'of the hearing as completed, may be necessary, it is highly importantthat each one of the successively worked upon aoIhalf-bearing 1 elements be accurately and firmly held in relation to the fixed parts of the mechanism, so that anyvariances in the a thickness of thebearing metal coat made adherent thereto maybe kept w1thmneglig1- is ble p this desired purpose in "such rapid succes ion as not to unduly interfere with high s1 eed 1, 1930. Serial no. teal i9.

V Figure 1 is a perspective of my improved GODStIllClJOD. t

Figure 2 is a largely sectional side elevational view, designed to bring out particularly the interaction of the various movable parts of the device. a t

Figure- 3 is an elevational view of the upper front portion of the mechanism, taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows there shown.

Figure 4 is a plan view of the important parts of the mechanisnntaken along the line Jr-4 of Figure 8 and looking in the direction of the arrows there shown.

F igure5 is an enlarged sectional detail View taken along the line ii-*5 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows there shown. a a a Figure. 6 is a plan view similar to Figure 4, but showing the preferred form of pouring ap in the sprue cutting position;

Figure 7 in a large scale detail View one form of ridge contouring for the face of the forming core which results, after the babbitt ispoured and hardened, in there being a cor responding groove'or depression in the hear ing face thereof. i

For convenience of access the l apparatus here in question is preferably mounted at a suitable height upon a table or "frame 12, the fixed horizontal portion 13 of which is provided with aipair of apertures 13a and 13b to which further detailed reference will bemade. A riser portion lehpositionedat the rear of the table as regardsthe location of the operator, constitutes an over-engaging bracket or support, within which is slidably mounted a downwardly actuatable compression or holding bit 15, which yieldinglylheld in raised position by the draw of the spring 16, but which may be actuatec downwarclly by movement of the cam 17 under actuation of the hand lever 18. In

the lower end of this compression member if i i p is positioned an adjusting screw 19,by means My preferred means for accomplishing of which the desired degree of initial lowering or positioning of the knuckled workengaging terminal 20 may be determined. p

Also supportingly positioned upon the framework, immovably as regards any particular job then in progress, though substitutably when bearings of different contour or diameter are to be worked upon, is a forming core 21,. whose exposed peripheral surface is of the curvature of the bearings which are to be worked upon, but which is provided on either side of the curved surface with projecting studs, as 22, which are designed to fit into the screw bores of the half-bearings as they are positioned against the curved surface, and thus locate the individual shells accordingly with respect to the curved surface of the forming core 21, The position of these adjusting studs should correspond with the position in the bearing shell of the bolt holes in the complementary shell parts of a connecting rod hearing, so that the spaces thus protectively filled by the studs 22 while the babbitting operation is in progress will, when the bearing shells are completed and ready for assembly, remain for the passage of the correlating bolts therethrough. In Figure 7 the curved surface 21 is also shown as provided with a bounding ridge or projecting head 23, from which branch off upward and downward projections 2% at either end thereof, in order to allow for a correspondingly positioned groove in the concave surface of the bearing shell and for the oil outlets therefrom. It will of course be understood that this merely represents one form of machining upon a bearing shell that is to be worked upon, and any desired contouring of the upstanding ridge or ridges which matches the machining upon any series of bearing shells to be worked upon may be substituted as to the curved face of this contoured block 21 without departure from the intended scope of the present disclosure. 7 This contoured block may be anchored in position relatively to the frame as a whole by means of a screw 60 and dado joint 61 formed upon the die block 21 and anchor block 62; the two blocks and the upstanding portion 13 of the base 13 being secured together by the screw, in

the manner shown in Figure Also fixedly though substitutably supported by the frame structure is a base plate or bottom flange former 26 which, if the shape of the bearing shell 210i to be worked upon calls therefor, may be provided with a semi-circular trough or groove 27, which,.: spacedly surrounding the bottom end of the curved forming core 21 will permit the molten babbitt, when poured into the space 215 as hereinafter described, to flow thereinto and form a correspondingly desired contour of the finished babbitt lining of the shell accordingly. In Figure 1 I he e illustrated at 28a the arm or rod portion of a connecting rod, separated of course from its complementary, and" when assembled boltheld, cap member, in position relatively to the parts thus far described, one end or flat edge of the bearing head resting on the top surface of this bed plate, while its other edge, spaced from the descending holding knuckle 20 by the pouring gate 51, which will be hereafter described, is pressed downwardly into immobile relation with the holding plate and with the contoured core 21 for the babbitting process in question. The only difference from the showingin Figure 1 when the cap portion of a connecting rod bearing is being babbitted is that there is no forwardly projecting arm portion extending over the front portion of the table. As brought out in Figures 2, 4t, and 6 particularly, it will be noted that with this assembly of parts the upstanding stud 25 at the top of the forming core 21 fits into a corresponding bore, as 52, in the body of the pouring gate 51, thus centering the forming core accurately with respect to each shell which is in turn worked upon.

Slidably supported upon the top of the table surface 13 a shelf member 29, which is yieldingly held in backwardly drawn position by thespring 3 0, one end of which engages against the adjacent portion of the frame, while its other end engages against the headed end'i-lla of the bolt or stem 31, whose inner end is threadedlv integra ed with the rearward edge of the slidable shelf 29. flhe degree of projection or retraction of this latter may also be regulated by the pin 32 which pass-es through the downward- 1 depending lip 29a of the szenelf 29 and enges against the adjacent edgc of the table top lhe shelf 29 also has depending from its under sii rface a pin 33 which is adapted to be 011; god by the upward proecting nose Set of the lever 35, which pivoted at to a suitably located fixed proection from the under surface of the table 13; this lever connected by the link 3 at the opposite end from its nose 3% with me root-actnatable treadle 37, which spacedly passes through one of the already-mentioned apertures, as 13min the table top 13 and in the shelf 29, and the rear end of which is pivoted at 37a to the rearward portion of the frame 12. By actuation of this treadle and its described connected parts, shelf 29 may be drawn forward the end of each bearing-lining operation and against the pull of the spring 3F, to the detacl-nnent of the bearing shell 50 ano its then hardened-on babbit lining 216 f V tl'ie forn'iing core 21 already described.

Also connected with the treadle, and made adjustable as to enact degree of throw throngh the medium of the turnbuckle 38, stem 39, which after passing spacedly ugh the aperture 135m the table 13 and ,l 29 and through a bearing box 40, whicli is an integral part of the base 13, is ope vely connected at its top end with the bottom flange former 26 already mentioned. Do wnward pressure of the operators foot upon the treadle 37 thus results in both drawing the shelf 29 outwardly, because of the engagement of the parts 34:and already mentioned, and at-the same time drawing down the link 39 and the bottom flange former, 26' attheend of the babbitt-. pouring operation; When the'babbltt has hardened adequately, the described outward movement of the shelf 29 audits connected parts including the upstanding bracket 26aand 26b oneither side of theplate 26results in the outward drawing away from the fixed portion of the supporting frame and against the marginal edges o-fthe bearingbeing worked upon,of theadjustable stripping pieces 41 and 12 which areheld in desired adjusted relation ontheirrespectivebraclc ets 26m and 26b by means of the nuts 43, thus eifectingfth'e forcible; separatlon of the now hardened babbitt from what adhesion may have taken place-between it andthe adjacent flanking plane faces of the forming core 2l,and leaves thebearing shell, Whether it be the rodpiece or thecap piece, free for detachment in favor of the next unit to be worked. uponi "he a slight marginal overlapping of the ends of the adjustable stripin :Figures=4,5, and 6, as well;*

the "bearing shell is brought out particularly s by dotted lines in Figures 1 and 3. i

11 1 practice ILihavef found it desirable to first effect the breaking of the adhesionbetween the babbitt andthe correspondingly formed surface 27 of the base plate 26, by

effecting the actuated downward travel of the latter, slightly before the drawing away of the nowfully babbitted half-bear1ng from f the core 21 is attempted. 'This avoids any possibility of the now formed babbitt flange being broken off, which might be the case if both the base plate 26 and the table 29 were started in their retractilemovement at the same time. This is preferably effected by positioning the tips of the stripping pieces 41 and 42 in slightly spaced relationbehind the face of the core 21 so that they must move through an appreciable space horizonta-lly before they encounter the bolt bosses of the bearing shell then under treatment, or if the bearing shells'be plain, that 1s, not flanged, against their adjacent straight edges. During this intervalbefore the d1splacement of the now babbitted bearing shell relatively to thecore 21 begins, the already described downward movement of the plate a 26 has started, thus freeing the babbitted flange accordingly.

the stripping movement of the parts 41 and This slight delaying of 42 might be effected in otherways, as, for example, making a lost-motioned slotted connection for the link 36 which operatively connects the'treadle 37 and the slidable shelf 29.

i In thus applying a babbitt facing to the concaved surface of abearing shell it' has been my experience that if the necessary quantity of molten babbittbepoured into the relatively thin curved space which the positioning of the shell hasleft between its concaved surface andtheoutwardly rounded or convexed surface of the forming core 21,

there is a tendency on the part of the babbitt as poured to harden so rapidlyas to. form blow holes, which, when the supposedly finished bearing comes up for machining and .final inspection, results in its being rejected for. thisreason. To obviatethis, while par taking of the benefits afforded by the firm holding of the bearing shell, in the manner already described, I interpose between the top edge of the bearing shell as positioned. and the top of the formingcore 21 a pouring mold or gategfi l, provided at its center, already mentioned, with aregistry hole 52 intowhich the upstanding stud 25 on the top of the core 21 engages for accurate registry. The knuckled lower end 20 of the depending clamp mechanism already mentioned en gages the top surface {of' this block 51. The

toptsurface of this latter is recessed or troughed through an "adequate arcuate' length,as indicated at 53, and thebottom of this trough portion is PI'OVlClBClWliZllZL plug rality of rounded pouring holes, a as 54, through which the molten babbitt supplied through theladle 45 passes down into the space 16 between the fcomplementary surfaces of the core 21'and of the bearing shell 50 111 a plurality of small streams which go to 'filll up correspondingly"diversely positionedportions of the space, thus obviating reliance upon the latter happening to be adequately filled before the babbitt becomes too hard to flow further from a single pour ing stream source. When the space which can proceed throughtheholes 54 a quickancl all: thatis necessary to break off this gate 1 portion of the now practically hardened bab bitt mass, and leave the top of thebabbitted bear ng shell cleanly cutoff; -As soon as the clampmg seizureof the describedparts has been terminatedby upward manual actuationofthefcam lever 18, this removable gate plate beilifted off from the top of the bearing shell andthecore21, and when" reversed in position, so that the troughed portion 53 faces downwardly, this latter may t be freed of whatever rapidly hardening but i I still detachable babbitt metal remains therein and inthe holes54 bysharply tapping it against acorner ofthe table or a convenient 1y located scrap container. If, however-{it be des red to dispense withthispouring gate,

it is merely necessary to bring the properly contoured descending clamp terminal 20'into' direct engagement with the exposed top edge of the bearing shell before the pouring presented surface of a half-bearing. shell,

comprising, in combination, a frame provided with a formingface'of complementary contour, to that of the shell which is to be ba-bbitted, a resiliently supported rest upon which the shells are successively positioned in appropriate propinquity to said forming face of the frame, a manually operable clamp supported by an overengaging portion of the frame in position to seizingly engage the lateral edges of the bearing shell cooperatively with the resiliently supported rest member, a horizontally slidable shelf supported by said frame member and provided with projecting portions adapted to effect the displacement of the shell and its then adherent coat of babbi-tt at the end of each pouring operation, and means operatively connected with both said shelf and the resiliently supported rest member and adapted to be actuated at the will of the operator whereby the described shell-displacing movement of. said shelf and a downward movement of the resilient rest may be of fecte'd. I

plane, aformed abutment carried'by said,

base and against which a bearing whose babb-itting isdesired is adapted to'be positionjech a selectively contoured plate carried by said table, a spring for yieldingly lifting said formed plate against the under side of,

the bearing shell as the latter is positioned against said formed abutment, an adjustable clamp supported by an overengagmg portion of the base and adapted to cooperate with said selectively contoured plate in holding the successively positioned bearings in desired position relatively tovsaid' plate, and common means for moving the shelf and 1 plate to disengage a cast bearing.

3. In combination witha base member provided with an overengagin-gtop portion,

member, a vertically movable. closure member, means for yieldingly forcing the closure member upwardly against the lower edge of the bearing shell then being worked upon, means for selectively actuating said shelf member in a horizontal plane and a closure member in a vertical plane upon the completion of the designed work upon it, and a formed abutment against which the concave surface of the bearing shell is forced for cooperative confinement by their then adjacent surfaces of a poured-in quantity of bearing metal.

4. Means adapted to cooperate with the concave bearing face of abearing shell upon which the die-casting of a coating of babbitt metal is desired, comprising a frame member carrying a forming die of complementary convex contour to the concavity of the bearing surface to be babbitted, spacedly adjacent which the bearing shells are adapted to be successively positioned for the die-casting' operation, manually operable clamping means for holding the shells as thus positioned against displacement, a closure member engageable with the bottoms of the die and shell, and common actuating means controllable at the will of the operator for drawing the babbitted shell away from said forming die and the-closure member away from both upon the completion of each diecastmg operation.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification.

RUSSELL A. WATSON. 

